Lithium-ion Battery Recycling Market by Chemistry (Lithium-nickel Manganese Cobalt, Lithium-iron Phosphate, Lithium-Manganese Oxide, LTO, NCA, LCO), Industry (Automotive, Marine, Industrial, Power), and Region - Global Forecast to 2030

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 14

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 14
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 14
1.3 STUDY SCOPE 15
1.3.1 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY 16
1.4 CURRENCY 16
1.5 LIMITATIONS 16
1.6 STAKEHOLDERS 17

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 18

2.1 RESEARCH DATA 18
2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA 19
2.1.1.1 Key Data From Secondary Sources 19
2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA 20
2.1.2.1 Key Data From Primary Sources 20
2.1.2.2 Key Industry Insights 21
2.1.2.3 Breakdown of Primary Interviews 21
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 22
2.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION 24
2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 25

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 26
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 29

4.1 ATTRACTIVE MARKET OPPORTUNITIES IN LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET 29
4.2 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY REGION 30
4.3 NORTH AMERICA AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY CHEMISTRY 31
4.4 LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY INDUSTRY 31

5 MARKET OVERVIEW 32

5.1 INTRODUCTION 32
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 33
5.2.1 DRIVERS 34
5.2.1.1 Increase in demand for EDVs 34
5.2.1.2 Growing demand for recycled products and materials 35
5.2.1.3 Growing demand for smart devices and other industrial goods will increase demand for battery recycling 35
5.2.1.4 Finite metal resources 35
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS 35
5.2.2.1 Safety issues related to storage and transportation of spent batteries 35
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 36
5.2.3.1 Subsidies to encourage battery recycling 36
5.2.3.2 Declining prices of lithium-ion batteries increases adoption in new applications and recycling after end-of-life 36
5.2.3.3 Geographically concentrated sources of lithium and cobalt 36
5.2.4 CHALLENGES 36
5.2.4.1 Dearth of technologies for the extraction of lithium from spent lithium-based batteries 36
5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 37

6 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY TECHNOLOGY 39

6.1 INTRODUCTION 39
6.1.1 HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESS 39
6.1.2 PYROMETALLURGY PROCESS 40
6.1.3 PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL PROCESS 41
6.2 RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES USED ACROSS REGIONS 42

7 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY CHEMISTRY 44

7.1 INTRODUCTION 45
7.2 LITHIUM-NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT (LI-NMC) 47
7.3 LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE (LFP) 48
7.4 LITHIUM-MANGANESE OXIDE (LMO) 49
7.5 LITHIUM-TITANATE OXIDE (LTO) 51
7.6 LITHIUM-NICKEL COBALT ALUMINUM OXIDE (NCA) 52
7.7 LITHIUM-COBALT OXIDE (LCO) 54
7.8 MATERIALS PRESENT IN BATTERIES FOR RECYCLING 55

8 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET REGULATIONS 58

8.1 NORTH AMERICA BATTERY RECYCLING REGULATIONS 58
8.1.1 US 58
8.1.2 CANADA 65
8.2 EUROPE BATTERY RECYCLING REGULATIONS 66
8.3 ASIA PACIFIC BATTERY RECYCLING REGULATIONS 67

9 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY INDUSTRY 68

9.1 INTRODUCTION 69
9.2 AUTOMOTIVE 70
9.3 MARINE 74
9.4 INDUSTRIAL 74
9.5 POWER 75

10 ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET OUTLOOK (EXISTING SUBSIDIES, AND TAX STRUCTURES) 76

10.1 INTRODUCTION 76
10.2 CANADA 76
10.3 CHINA 77
10.4 DENMARK 79
10.5 FRANCE 79
10.6 GERMANY 80
10.7 INDIA 81
10.8 JAPAN 81
10.9 NORWAY 82
10.10 SWEDEN 83
10.11 THE NETHERLANDS 84
10.12 UK 85
10.13 US 86

11 LI-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY REGION 89

11.1 INTRODUCTION 90
11.2 NORTH AMERICA 92
11.2.1 US 95
11.2.2 CANADA 98
11.2.3 MEXICO 100
11.3 EUROPE 101
11.4 ASIA PACIFIC 104

12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 109

12.1 OVERVIEW 109
12.2 MARKET RANKING ANALYSIS, 2017 110
12.3 COMPETITIVE SITUATIONS AND TRENDS 111
12.3.1 EXPANSIONS 111
12.3.2 AGREEMENTS 111
12.3.3 ACQUISITIONS 112
12.3.4 COLLABORATIONS 112
12.3.5 DIVESTMENTS 112
 

13 COMPANY PROFILES 113

(Overview, Financial*, Products & Services, Strategy, and Developments)
13.1 UMICORE 113
13.2 GLENCORE 118
13.3 RETRIEV TECHNOLOGIES 121
13.4 RAW MATERIALS COMPANY (RMC) 126
13.5 INTERNATIONAL METALS RECLAMATION COMPANY (INMETCO) 128
13.6 METAL CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES (MCT) 130
13.7 AMERICAN MANGANESE (AMI) 131
13.8 SITRASA 133
13.9 TES-AMM 134
13.10 LI-CYCLE TECHNOLOGY 135
13.11 NEOMETALS 136
13.12 RECUPYL SAS 138
*Details might not be captured in case of unlisted companies
14 APPENDIX 140

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1 NUMBER OF AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES AT END-OF-LIFE BY 2030 26
TABLE 2 ESTIMATED VOLUME OF LI-ION BATTERY RECYCLING, BY RECYCLERS 38
TABLE 3 COMPARISON OF PROCESSES INVOLVED IN RECYCLING LI-ION BATTERIES 39
TABLE 4 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESS 40
TABLE 5 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE PYROMETALLURGICAL PROCESS 41
TABLE 6 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL PROCESS 41
TABLE 7 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING PROCESSES & CAPACITIES OF MAJOR PLAYERS 42
TABLE 8 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY CHEMISTRY,
2016–2030 (UNITS) 46
TABLE 9 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT (LI-NMC): GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 47
TABLE 10 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-IRON PHOSPHATE: GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 48
TABLE 11 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-MANGANESE OXIDE: GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 50
TABLE 12 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-TITANATE OXIDE: GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 51
TABLE 13 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-NICKEL COBALT ALUMINUM OXIDE: GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 52
TABLE 14 AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-COBALT OXIDE (LCO) : GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 54
TABLE 15 AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES, BY MATERIAL 56
TABLE 16 METALS CONTENT RECYCLED BATTERIES 56
TABLE 17 MAJOR RECOVERABLE METALS FROM VARIOUS BATTERY CHEMISTRIES AFTER RECYCLING 57
TABLE 18 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY INDUSTRY,
2016-2030 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 19 FUTURE ELECTRIC VEHICLE OFFERINGS, 2016–2030 70
TABLE 20 ELECTRIC DRIVEN VEHICLE BATTERIES FOR FUTURE RECYCLING 71
TABLE 21 ELECTRIC VEHICLE STARTUP INVESTMENTS, 2015–2016 72
TABLE 22 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET FOR AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY,
2016-2030 (USD MILLION) 73
TABLE 23 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET OF MARINE, BY REGION,
2016-2030 (USD MILLION) 74
TABLE 24 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET OF INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION,
2016-2030 (USD MILLION) 74
TABLE 25 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET OF POWER, BY REGION,
2016-2030 (USD MILLION) 75
TABLE 26 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, CANADA, 2016 76
TABLE 27 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, CHINA, 2016 77
TABLE 28 OTHER EXISTING BENEFITS 78
TABLE 29 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAXES 78
TABLE 30 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, DENMARK, 2016 79
TABLE 31 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, FRANCE, 2016 79
TABLE 32 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE,GERMANY,2016 80
TABLE 33 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, INDIA, 2016 81
TABLE 34 EXISTING PASSENGER SAFETY REGULATIONS, JAPAN, 2016 81
TABLE 35 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, JAPAN, 2016 82
TABLE 36 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, NORWAY, 2016 82
TABLE 37 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, SWEDEN, 2016 83
TABLE 38 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, THE NETHERLANDS, 2016 84
TABLE 39 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, UK , 2016 85
TABLE 40 VEHICLE CATEGORIES ELIGIBLE FOR SUBSIDIES IN THE UK 85
TABLE 41 ELIGIBLE CATEGORY 1 VEHICLES 85
TABLE 42 ELIGIBLE VANS 86
TABLE 43 EXISTING SUBSIDIES AND TAX STRUCTURE, US, 2016 86
TABLE 44 STATE-WISE INCENTIVE AND TAX STRUCTURE FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES 87
TABLE 45 LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY REGION,
2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 91
TABLE 46 NORTH AMERICA AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 93
TABLE 47 NORTH AMERICA AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 93
TABLE 48 NORTH AMERICA LARGE SCALE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 93
TABLE 49 NORTH AMERICA LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY INDUSTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 50 US LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET SNAPSHOT (UNITS) 94
TABLE 51 US AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY CHEMISTRY, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 95
TABLE 52 CANADA LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET SNAPSHOT (UNITS) 96
TABLE 53 CANADA AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY CHEMISTRY, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 98
TABLE 54 EUROPE AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 102
TABLE 55 EUROPE AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 102
TABLE 56 EUROPE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY CHEMISTRY,
2016–2030 (UNITS) 103
TABLE 57 EUROPE LARGE SCALE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 103
TABLE 58 EUROPE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY INDUSTRY,
2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 104
TABLE 59 ASIA PACIFIC AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 106
 
TABLE 60 ASIA PACIFIC AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 106
TABLE 61 ASIA PACIFIC AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY CHEMISTRY, 2016–2030 (UNITS) 107
TABLE 62 ASIA PACIFIC LARGE SCALE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 107
TABLE 63 ASIA PACIFIC LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET, BY INDUSTRY,
2016–2030 (USD MILLION) 108
TABLE 64 ESTIMATED MARKET RANKING, 2017 110
TABLE 65 EXPANSIONS, 2012–2017 111
TABLE 66 AGREEMENTS, 2012–2017 111
TABLE 67 ACQUISITIONS, 2012–2017 112
TABLE 68 COLLABORATIONS, 2012–2017 112
TABLE 69 DIVESTMENTS, 2012–2017 112

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 18
FIGURE 2 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 22
FIGURE 3 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 23
FIGURE 4 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET: DATA TRIANGULATION 24
FIGURE 5 AUTOMOTIVE LI-NMC TO BE THE LARGEST TYPE OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERY TO BE RECYCLED DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 27
FIGURE 6 NORTH AMERICA PROJECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST SHARE OF THE GLOBAL LI-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET IN 2022 28
FIGURE 7 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET IS DRIVEN BY THE HIGH OUTPUT OF SPENT BATTERIES FROM EDVS 29
FIGURE 8 NORTH AMERICA IS EXPECTED TO BE THE FASTEST-GROWING MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 30
FIGURE 9 LI-NMC BATTERY CHEMISTRY IS EXPECTED TO BE THE FASTEST-GROWING SEGMENT DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 31
FIGURE 10 AUTOMOTIVE SEGMENT IS EXPECTED TO BE THE LARGEST INDUSTRY SEGMENT DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 31
FIGURE 11 INCREASE IN DEMAND FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES EXPECTED TO DRIVE THE GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET 33
FIGURE 12 VALUE CHAIN OF LI-ION BATTERIES 37
FIGURE 13 LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING PROCESS 38
FIGURE 14 TYPES OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES BASED ON MATERIALS USED 45
FIGURE 15 LITHIUM-NICKEL MANGANESE COBALT (LI-NMC) BATTERY EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE HIGHEST SHARE IN THE AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET 46
FIGURE 16 LI-NMC ARE HIGH ENERGY DENSITY BATTERIES 48
FIGURE 17 HIGH POWER DENSITY AND STABILITY BOOSTS ADOPTION OF LFP BATTERIES 49
FIGURE 18 COST FACTOR BOOSTS THE GROWTH OF THE LMO BATTERY MARKET 50
FIGURE 19 HIGH STABILITY, ENERGY, AND POWER DENSITY EXPECTED TO CREATE DEMAND FOR LTO BATTERIES 52
FIGURE 20 HIGH ENERGY DENSITY OF NCA BATTERIES INCREASES DEMAND IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY 53
FIGURE 21 HIGH ENERGY DENSITY INCREASES DEMAND FOR LCO BATTERIES 55
FIGURE 22 AUTOMOTIVE TO BE THE LARGEST SEGMENT FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 69
FIGURE 23 GEOGRAPHIC SNAPSHOT: GLOBAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET 90
FIGURE 24 APAC TO BE THE LARGEST MARKET FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING
BY 2030 91
FIGURE 25 NORTH AMERICA LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET SNAPSHOT 92
FIGURE 26 US LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLERS SNAPSHOT 96
FIGURE 27 CANADA LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLERS SNAPSHOT 99
FIGURE 28 MEXICO LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLERS SNAPSHOT 100
FIGURE 29 EUROPE BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET SNAPSHOT 101
FIGURE 30 ASIA PACIFIC BATTERY RECYCLING MARKET SNAPSHOT 105
FIGURE 31 COMPANIES ADOPTED EXPANSIONS AS THE KEY GROWTH STRATEGY BETWEEN 2012 AND FEBRUARY 2017 109
FIGURE 32 UMICORE: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 113
FIGURE 33 GLENCORE: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 118

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