Micro-LED Market by Offering (Display Panel and Lighting Device), Application (Smartwatch, NTE Device, Smartphone & Tablet, Laptop & PC Monitor, TV, HUD, Digital Signage Display, Lighting), Vertical, aqnd Geography - Global Forecast to 2025

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 15

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 15
1.2 DEFINITION 15
1.3 STUDY SCOPE 16
1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED 16
1.3.2 GEOGRAPHIC SCOPE 16
1.3.3 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY 17
1.4 CURRENCY 17
1.5 PACKAGE SIZE 17
1.6 LIMITATIONS 18
1.7 STAKEHOLDERS 18

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19

2.1 MICRO-LED MARKET: SCOPE 20
2.1.1 RESEARCH DATA 21
2.1.1.1 Key data from secondary sources 22
2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA 22
2.1.2.1 Breakdown of primaries 23
2.1.2.2 Key industry insights 23
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 24
2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 24
2.2.1.1 Approach for capturing market share by bottom-up analysis 24
2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 25
2.2.2.1 Approach for capturing the market share by top-down analysis 25
2.3 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION 26
2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 27

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 28
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 31

4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE GROWTH OF THE MICRO-LED MARKET 31
4.2 NORTH AMERICA TO CAPTURE THE LARGEST SHARE OF THE MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET BY 2025 32
4.3 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS TO HOLD THE LARGEST SIZE OF THE MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET BETWEEN 2019 AND 2025 33
4.4 MICRO-LED MARKET IN APAC EXPECTED TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST RATE DURING
THE FORECAST PERIOD 34
4.5 DISPLAY DEVICES TO HOLD A LARGER SIZE OF THE MICRO-LED MARKET 34
 

5 MARKET OVERVIEW 35

5.1 MARKET DYNAMICS 36
5.1.1 DRIVERS 37
5.1.1.1 Increasing demand for brighter and more power efficient display panels for several applications 37
5.1.1.2 Increase in applications as well as adoption rate of near-to-eye (NTE) devices 37
5.1.1.3 Increasing interests from electronics giants—Apple and Sony 38
5.1.2 RESTRAINTS 38
5.1.2.1 Rising demand for OLED displays 38
5.1.2.2 High growth of the flexible display market and adoption of folded displays for smartphones in the near future 38
5.1.2.3 Saturated shipment of TV and PC monitors in 2015 and 2016 39
5.1.3 OPPORTUNITIES 40
5.1.3.1 Growing smart wearable devices market 40
5.1.3.2 Manufacturing of LEDs on silicon wafers 41
5.1.3.3 Penetration of micro-LEDs technology-based products in the display panel market to a large extent 41
5.1.4 CHALLENGES 42
5.1.4.1 Maintaining the balance in tradeoff between pixel volume and pixel density 42
5.1.4.2 Necessity to adapt different manufacturing processes as well as make the equipment compatible and associated costs 43
5.1.4.3 Improve mass transfer of micro-LEDs with high yield 43

6 INDUSTRY TRENDS 45

6.1 INTRODUCTION 45
6.2 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 45
6.3 PATENT ANALYSIS 47

7 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY OFFERING 48

7.1 INTRODUCTION 49
7.2 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET 50
7.2.1 MICRODISPLAY 51
7.2.2 SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED DISPLAY 51
7.2.3 LARGE-SCALE DISPLAY 53
7.3 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET 53

8 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY APPLICATION 55

8.1 INTRODUCTION 56
8.2 DISPLAY 56
8.2.1 NEAR-TO-EYE (NTE) DEVICE 60
8.2.2 SMARTWATCH 62
8.2.3 SMARTPHONE AND TABLET 64
8.2.4 TV 68
8.2.5 PC MONITOR AND LAPTOP 70
8.2.6 HEADS-UP DISPLAY (HUD) 73
8.2.7 DIGITAL SIGNAGE DISPLAY 75
8.3 LIGHTING APPLICATION 76
8.3.1 AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING 77
8.3.2 GENERAL LIGHTING 78

9 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY VERTICAL 79

9.1 INTRODUCTION 80
9.2 VERTICALS IN THE DISPLAY MARKET 80
9.2.1 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 82
9.2.2 AUTOMOTIVE 83
9.2.3 RETAIL AND BFSI 83
9.2.4 GOVERNMENT AND DEFENSE 84
9.2.5 SPORTS AND ENTERTAINMENT 85
9.2.6 EDUCATION 86
9.3 VERTICALS IN THE LIGHTING MARKET 87
9.3.1 RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL 88
9.3.2 AUTOMOTIVE 89

10 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY GEOGRAPHY 91

10.1 INTRODUCTION 92
10.2 NORTH AMERICA 97
10.2.1 US 100
10.2.2 CANADA 100
10.2.3 MEXICO 100
10.3 EUROPE 101
10.3.1 UK 104
10.3.2 GERMANY 104
10.3.3 FRANCE 104
10.3.4 ITALY 104
10.3.5 SPAIN 105
10.3.6 REST OF EUROPE 105
10.4 ASIA PACIFIC (APAC) 105
10.4.1 CHINA 109
10.4.2 JAPAN 109
10.4.3 SOUTH KOREA 109
10.4.4 INDIA 110
10.4.5 AUSTRALIA 110
10.4.6 REST OF APAC 110
10.5 REST OF THE WORLD (ROW) 111
10.5.1 MIDDLE EAST 113
10.5.2 AFRICA 113
10.5.3 SOUTH AMERICA 113

11 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 114

11.1 INTRODUCTION 114
11.2 MARKET RANKING ANALYSIS: MICRO-LED MARKET, 2017 115
11.3 VENDOR DIVE OVERVIEW 116
11.3.1 VANGUARDS 117
11.3.2 DYNAMIC 117
11.3.3 INNOVATOR 117
11.3.4 EMERGING 117
11.4 BUSINESS STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE MICRO-LED MARKET
(25 COMPANIES) 119
11.5 ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS OF MAJOR PLAYERS IN
MICRO-LED MARKET (25 COMPANIES) 120

*Top 25 players analysed in this study are - Apple Inc. (LuxVue), Oculus VR (InfiniLED), Sony Corp., Aledia, X-Celeprint Ltd., GLO AB, Ostendo Technologies, Inc., VerLASE Technologies LLC, Rohinni LLC, Epistar Corporation, Cooledge Lighting Inc., CEA/Leti, Allos/Azzurro Semiconductors GmbH, Mikro Mesa Technology Co., Ltd., MLED Ltd., INSiAVA (Pty) Ltd., Lumiode, Inc., Exalos AG, Deepsky Corp., ITRI (Taiwan), III-N Technology, VueReal Inc., Vuzix Corp., BOE Technology Group, eMagin Corporation

12 COMPANY PROFILES 121

(Business Overview, Products offered & Services strategies, Key Insights, Recent Developments, MnM View)*
12.1 INTRODUCTION 121
12.2 APPLE INC. (LUXVUE) 122
12.3 OCULUS VR (INFINILED LTD.) 126
12.4 SONY CORP. 129
12.5 ALEDIA 133
12.6 X-CELEPRINT LTD. 136
12.7 GLO AB 139
12.8 OSTENDO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 142
12.9 VERLASE TECHNOLOGIES LLC 144
12.10 ROHINNI LLC 146
12.11 EPISTAR CORPORATION 148
12.12 COOLEDGE LIGHTING INC. 152
12.13 KEY INNOVATORS 155
12.13.1 MIKRO MESA TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD 155
12.13.2 CEA/LETI 155
12.13.3 III-V LAB 155
12.13.4 HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HKUST) 155
12.13.5 INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ITRI) 156
12.13.6 LUMIODE, INC. 156
12.13.7 MLED LTD. 156
12.13.8 ALLOS SEMICONDUCTORS GMBH 156
*Details on Business Overview, Products offered & Services strategies, Key Insights, Recent Developments, MnM View might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
13 APPENDIX 157

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1 LIST OF MAJOR SECONDARY SOURCES 21
TABLE 2 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 49
TABLE 3 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY DISPLAY PANEL SIZE, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 50
TABLE 4 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (MILLION UNITS) 58
TABLE 5 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 59
TABLE 6 COMPARISON OF PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT MICRODISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES 60
TABLE 7 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR NTE DEVICES, BY REGION,
2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 61
TABLE 8 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SMARTWATCHES, BY REGION,
2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 64
TABLE 9 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SMARTPHONES, BY REGION,
2021–2025 (USD MILLION) 66
TABLE 10 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR TABLETS, BY REGION,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 67
TABLE 11 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR TELEVISIONS, BY REGION,
2023–2025 (USD MILLION) 70
TABLE 12 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR PC MONITORS, BY REGION,
2023–2025 (USD MILLION) 72
TABLE 13 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR LAPTOPS, BY REGION,
2022–2025 (USD MILLION) 73
TABLE 14 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR HEADS-UP DISPLAY (HUD), BY REGION,
2021–2025 (USD MILLION) 74
TABLE 15 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR DIGITAL SIGNAGE DISPLAYS, BY REGION,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 76
TABLE 16 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 77
TABLE 17 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET FOR AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING APPLICATION,
BY REGION, 2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 77
TABLE 18 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET FOR GENERAL LIGHTING APPLICATION,
BY REGION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 78
TABLE 19 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY VERTICAL, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 20 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET, BY VERTICAL, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 21 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 93
TABLE 22 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 23 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 24 MICRO-LED MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA, BY APPLICATION,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 97
TABLE 25 MICRO-LED MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 98
TABLE 26 MICRO-LED MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 27 MICRO-LED MARKET IN EUROPE, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 102
TABLE 28 MICRO-LED MARKET IN APAC, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 106
TABLE 29 MICRO-LED MARKET IN APAC, BY COUNTRY, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 107
TABLE 30 MICRO-LED MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 111
TABLE 31 MICRO-LED MARKET IN ROW, BY REGION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 32 KEY PLAYER MARKET RANKING, 2017 115

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 MARKET SEGMENTATION 16
FIGURE 2 MARKET, BY GEOGRAPHY 16
FIGURE 3 MICRO-LED MARKET: PROCESS FLOW OF MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 19
FIGURE 4 MICRO-LED MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 20
FIGURE 5 DATA TRIANGULATION 26
FIGURE 6 ASSUMPTIONS OF THE RESEARCH STUDY 27
FIGURE 7 MICRO-LED MARKET SIZE, 2017–2025 (USD BILLION) 29
FIGURE 8 APAC MARKET EXPECTED TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST RATE BETWEEN
2019 AND 2025 29
FIGURE 9 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS VERTICAL TO HOLD THE LARGEST SIZE OF
THE MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 30
FIGURE 10 MICRO-LED MARKET EXPECTED TO GROW AT SIGNIFICANT RATE BETWEEN
2019 AND 2025 31
FIGURE 11 SMARTPHONES TO HOLD THE LARGEST SHARE OF THE MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET BETWEEN 2019 AND 2025 32
FIGURE 12 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SMARTPHONES EXPECTED TO GROW AT
THE HIGHEST RATE BETWEEN 2019 AND 2025 32
FIGURE 13 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS EXPECTED TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST RATE DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 33
FIGURE 14 SOUTH KOREAN MICRO-LED MARKET TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST CAGR BETWEEN 2019 AND 2025 34
FIGURE 15 DISPLAY DEVICES TO DOMINATE THE MICRO-LED MARKET BETWEEN
2019 AND 2025 34
FIGURE 16 MICRO-LED MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES 36
FIGURE 17 FLEXIBLE DISPLAY PANEL MARKET, 2014–2022 (MILLION UNITS) 39
FIGURE 18 TV MARKET, 2014–2022 (MILLION UNITS) 40
FIGURE 19 SMART WEARABLES MARKET, 2015, 2016, AND 2020 (MILLION UNITS) 41
FIGURE 20 DISPLAY PANEL MARKET, 2014 TO 2022 (USD BILLION) 42
FIGURE 21 MICRO-LED MARKET: VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 46
FIGURE 22 MICRO-LED MARKET: PATENT ANALYSIS 47
FIGURE 23 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY OFFERING 49
FIGURE 24 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY DISPLAY PANEL SIZE 50
FIGURE 25 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR MICRODISPLAYS, 2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 51
FIGURE 26 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED DISPLAYS,
2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 52
FIGURE 27 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR LARGE-SCALE DISPLAYS,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 53
FIGURE 28 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 54
FIGURE 29 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY APPLICATION 57
FIGURE 30 MICRO-LED DISPLAY PANEL MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2017–2025 (MILLION UNITS) 58
FIGURE 31 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR NEAR-TO-EYE (NTE) DEVICES,
2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 61
FIGURE 32 SMART WEARABLES MARKET, 2014–2022 (MILLION UNITS) 63
FIGURE 33 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SMARTWATCHES, 2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 63
FIGURE 34 SMARTPHONE AND TABLET MARKET, 2014–2022 (MILLION UNITS) 65
FIGURE 35 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SMARTPHONES, 2021–2025 (USD MILLION) 65
FIGURE 36 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR TABLETS, 2021–2025 (USD MILLION) 67
FIGURE 37 TV MARKET, 2014–2022 (MILLION UNITS) 68
FIGURE 38 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR TELEVISIONS, 2023–2025 (USD MILLION) 69
FIGURE 39 PC MONITOR AND LAPTOP MARKET, 2014–2022 (MILLION UNITS) 71
FIGURE 40 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR PC MONITORS, 2023–2025 (USD MILLION) 71
FIGURE 41 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR LAPTOPS, 2022–2025 (USD MILLION) 72
FIGURE 42 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR HEADS-UP DISPLAY (HUD),
2021–2025 (USD MILLION) 74
FIGURE 43 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR DIGITAL SIGNAGE DISPLAYS,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 75
FIGURE 44 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET, BY APPLICATION 76
FIGURE 45 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET, BY VERTICAL 80
FIGURE 46 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS,
2019–2025 (USD MILLION) 82
FIGURE 47 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR AUTOMOTIVE, 2021–2025 (USD MILLION) 83
FIGURE 48 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR RETAIL AND BFSI, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 84
FIGURE 49 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR GOVERNMENT AND DEFENSE,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 85
FIGURE 50 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR SPORTS AND ENTERTAINMENT,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 86
FIGURE 51 MICRO-LED DISPLAY MARKET FOR EDUCATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 87
FIGURE 52 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET, BY VERTICAL 87
FIGURE 53 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET FOR RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL,
2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 89
FIGURE 54 MICRO-LED LIGHTING MARKET FOR AUTOMOTIVE, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION) 90
FIGURE 55 MICRO-LED MARKET SEGMENTATION , BY GEOGRAPHY 92
FIGURE 56 MICRO-LED MARKET, BY REGION, 2019 VS. 2025 (USD MILLION) 93
FIGURE 57 APAC EXPECTED TO BE THE FASTEST-GROWING REGION IN MICRO-LED MARKET DURING 2019–2025 95
FIGURE 58 GEOGRAPHIC SNAPSHOT OF THE MICRO-LED MARKET: RAPIDLY GROWING MARKETS EMERGING AS NEW HOTSPOTS 96
FIGURE 59 MICRO-LED MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA, BY COUNTRY,
2019 VS. 2025 (USD MILLION) 98
FIGURE 60 US TO HOLD A MAJOR SHARE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MICRO-LED MARKET BETWEEN 2017 AND 2025 99
FIGURE 61 MICRO-LED MARKET IN EUROPE, BY COUNTRY, 2019 VS. 2025 (USD MILLION) 102
FIGURE 62 UK TO HOLD A MAJOR SHARE OF THE EUROPEAN MICRO-LED MARKET BETWEEN 2017 AND 2025 103
FIGURE 63 MICRO-LED MARKET IN APAC, BY COUNTRY, 2019 VS. 2025 (USD MILLION) 107
FIGURE 64 CHINA TO HOLD A MAJOR SHARE OF THE APAC MICRO-LED MARKET BETWEEN
2017 AND 2025 108
FIGURE 65 MICRO-LED MARKET IN ROW, BY REGION, 2019 VS. 2025 (USD MILLION) 112
FIGURE 66 COMPANIES ADOPTED M&A AND NEW PRODUCT, TECHNOLOGY, AND PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT AS THE KEY GROWTH STRATEGIES BETWEEN 2014 AND 2017 114
FIGURE 67 BATTLE FOR MARKET SHARE: M&A AND NEW PRODUCT, TECHNOLOGY, AND PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENTS WERE THE KEY STRATEGIES ADOPTED DURING
2014–2017 116
FIGURE 68 DIVE CHART 118
FIGURE 69 APPLE INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 123
FIGURE 70 APPLE INC. (LUXVUE): PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 124
FIGURE 71 APPLE INC. (LUXVUE): BUSINESS STRATEGIES 124
FIGURE 72 OCULUS VR (INFINILED LTD.): PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 127
FIGURE 73 OCULUS VR (INFINILED LTD.): BUSINESS STRATEGIES 127
FIGURE 74 SONY CORP.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 130
FIGURE 75 SONY CORP.: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 131
FIGURE 76 SONY CORP.: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 131
FIGURE 77 ALEDIA: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 134
FIGURE 78 ALEDIA: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 134
FIGURE 79 X-CELEPRINT LTD.: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 137
FIGURE 80 X-CELEPRINT LTD.: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 137
FIGURE 81 GLO AB: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 140
FIGURE 82 GLO AB: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 140
FIGURE 83 OSTENDO TECHNOLOGIES, INC.: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 142
FIGURE 84 OSTENDO TECHNOLOGIES, INC.: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 143
FIGURE 85 VERLASE TECHNOLOGIES LLC: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 145
FIGURE 86 VERLASE TECHNOLOGIES LLC: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 145
FIGURE 87 ROHINNI LLC: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 147
FIGURE 88 ROHINNI LLC: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 147
FIGURE 89 EPISTAR CORP.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 149
FIGURE 90 EPISTAR CORPORATION: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 150
FIGURE 91 EPISTAR CORPORATION: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 150
FIGURE 92 COOLEDGE LIGHTING INC.: PRODUCT (TECHNOLOGY) OFFERINGS 153
FIGURE 93 COOLEDGE LIGHTING INC.: BUSINESS STRATEGIES 154

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